PreNUDGE FHIR® IG for Data Provider / Data from Apps (R4)
0.1.0 - ci-build

PreNUDGE FHIR® IG for Data Provider / Data from Apps (R4) - Local Development build (v0.1.0) built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) Build Tools. See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: AT PreNUDGE Observation Sleep Duration

Official URL: https://fhir.hl7.at/prenudge/appdata/r4/StructureDefinition/at-prenudge-sleep-duration-observation | Version: 0.1.0
Draft as of 2026-06-25 | Responsible: The PreNUDGE Consortium | Computable Name: AtPrenudgeObservationSleepDuration

This FHIR profile defines the Sleep Duration Observation recording average nightly sleep in hours. Applicable for both automated wearable measurements (method = automated) and self-reported values derived from a questionnaire (method = manual).

Usages:

- Examples for this Profile: Observation/sleep-duration-normal-automated-example, Observation/sleep-duration-normal-manual-example and Observation/sleep-duration-short-automated-example

You can also check for usages in the FHIR IG Statistics

### Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Table
- Snapshot Table
- Statistics/References
- All

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, sleep-duration-range
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 1..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation, at least one is assigned by the data provider
use | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system | Σ | 1..1 | uri | The namespace for the identifier value, if no other specifications are given, use your website url Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value | Σ | 1..1 | string | The value that is unique Example General: 123456
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for effective[x] | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | The mandatory clinically relevant time for observation
issued | Σ | 1..1 | instant | The mandatory date/time this version was made available
value[x] | Σ C | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
value | Σ | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit | Σ | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system | Σ C | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code | Σ | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
note | S | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation including patient comments have to be possible
method |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods (required)
device | S | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Devices should be documented when used
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.identifier.​use | Base | required | IdentifierUse | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x].​comparator | Base | required | QuantityComparator | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | required | AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods | 📦0.1.0 | This IG

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

This structure is derived from AtPrenudgeObservation

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: sleep-duration-range
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
value[x] |  | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
value |  | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit |  | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system |  | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code |  | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
derivedFrom | S | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
Documentation for this format

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, sleep-duration-range
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 1..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation, at least one is assigned by the data provider
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system | Σ | 1..1 | uri | The namespace for the identifier value, if no other specifications are given, use your website url Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value | Σ | 1..1 | string | The value that is unique Example General: 123456
period | Σ | 0..1 | Period | Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Organization) | Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | AT APS MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS MedicationAdministration | AT APS MedicationDispense | AT APS MedicationStatement | AT APS Procedure | AT APS Immunization | AT APS ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
subject | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Patient | Group | AT APS Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x] | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | The mandatory clinically relevant time for observation
issued | Σ | 1..1 | instant | The mandatory date/time this version was made available
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS Practitioner | AT APS PractitionerRole | AT APS Organization | CareTeam | AT APS Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
value[x] | Σ C | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value | Σ | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit | Σ | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system | Σ C | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code | Σ | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note | S | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation including patient comments have to be possible
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods (required)
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
device | S | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Devices should be documented when used
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Components should only be used when multiple values are inseparably connected to a single measurement (e.g., score domains).
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.language | Base | preferred | Common Languages | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier.​use | Base | required | IdentifierUse | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier.​type | Base | extensible | IdentifierType | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x].​comparator | Base | required | QuantityComparator | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite | Base | example | SNOMED CT Body Structures | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | required | AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods | 📦0.1.0 | This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type | Base | preferred | Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo | Base | example | Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text | `low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

This structure is derived from AtPrenudgeObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 0 element(1 nested mandatory element)
Must-Support: 1 element

Key Elements View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, sleep-duration-range
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 1..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation, at least one is assigned by the data provider
use | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
system | Σ | 1..1 | uri | The namespace for the identifier value, if no other specifications are given, use your website url Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value | Σ | 1..1 | string | The value that is unique Example General: 123456
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
Slices for effective[x] | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | The mandatory clinically relevant time for observation
issued | Σ | 1..1 | instant | The mandatory date/time this version was made available
value[x] | Σ C | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
value | Σ | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit | Σ | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system | Σ C | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code | Σ | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
note | S | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation including patient comments have to be possible
method |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods (required)
device | S | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Devices should be documented when used
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.identifier.​use | Base | required | IdentifierUse | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x].​comparator | Base | required | QuantityComparator | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | required | AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods | 📦0.1.0 | This IG

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

Differential View

This structure is derived from AtPrenudgeObservation

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: sleep-duration-range
code |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Required Pattern: At least the following
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
value[x] |  | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
value |  | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
unit |  | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system |  | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code |  | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
derivedFrom | S | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
Documentation for this format

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

Snapshot View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | AtPrenudgeObservation | AT APS Observation Constraints: obs-6, obs-7, sleep-duration-range
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | Logical id of this artifact
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | Metadata about the resource
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | A set of rules under which this content was created
language |  | 0..1 | code | Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
text |  | 0..1 | Narrative | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | Contained, inline Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 1..* | Identifier | Business Identifier for observation, at least one is assigned by the data provider
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
use | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | usual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known) Binding: IdentifierUse (required): Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
type | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Description of identifier Binding: Identifier Type Codes (extensible): A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
system | Σ | 1..1 | uri | The namespace for the identifier value, if no other specifications are given, use your website url Example General: http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
value | Σ | 1..1 | string | The value that is unique Example General: 123456
period | Σ | 0..1 | Period | Time period when id is/was valid for use
assigner | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Organization) | Organization that issued id (may be just text)
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | AT APS MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS MedicationAdministration | AT APS MedicationDispense | AT APS MedicationStatement | AT APS Procedure | AT APS Immunization | AT APS ImagingStudy) | Part of referenced event
status | ?!Σ | 1..1 | code | registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Classification of type of observation Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations. Required Pattern: At least the following
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
coding |  | 1..* | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (Complex)
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
system |  | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version |  | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code |  | 1..1 | code | Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 93832-4
display |  | 1..1 | string | Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Sleep duration
userSelected |  | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text |  | 0..1 | string | Plain text representation of the concept
subject | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Patient | Group | AT APS Device | Location) | Who and/or what the observation is about
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | Healthcare event during which this observation is made
Slices for effective[x] | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this
effective[x]:effectiveDateTime | Σ | 1..1 | dateTime | The mandatory clinically relevant time for observation
issued | Σ | 1..1 | instant | The mandatory date/time this version was made available
performer | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS Practitioner | AT APS PractitionerRole | AT APS Organization | CareTeam | AT APS Patient | RelatedPerson) | Who is responsible for the observation
value[x] | Σ C | 0..1 | Quantity | Actual result
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
value | Σ | 1..1 | decimal | Numerical value (with implicit precision)
comparator | ?!Σ | 0..1 | code | < | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.
unit | Σ | 0..1 | string | Unit representation Required Pattern: h
system | Σ C | 0..1 | uri | System that defines coded unit form Required Pattern: http://unitsofmeasure.org
code | Σ | 0..1 | code | Coded form of the unit Required Pattern: h
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note | S | 0..* | Annotation | Comments about the observation including patient comments have to be possible
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | How it was done Binding: AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods (required)
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Specimen) | Specimen used for this observation
device | S | 0..1 | Reference(AT APS Device | DeviceMetric) | (Measurement) Devices should be documented when used
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | Provides guide for interpretation Constraints: obs-3
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) | Low Range, if relevant
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity(4.0.1) | High Range, if relevant
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age |  | 0..1 | Range | Applicable age range, if relevant
text |  | 0..1 | string | Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(AT APS Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(QuestionnaireResponse) | Reference to the QuestionnaireResponse from which this observation was derived
component | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | Components should only be used when multiple values are inseparably connected to a single measurement (e.g., score domains).
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | Actual component result
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | C | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConcept | High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Status | Usage | ValueSet | Version | Source
Observation.language | Base | preferred | Common Languages | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier.​use | Base | required | IdentifierUse | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.identifier.​type | Base | extensible | IdentifierType | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.status | Base | required | ObservationStatus | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.category | Base | preferred | Observation Category Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.value[x].​comparator | Base | required | QuantityComparator | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.bodySite | Base | example | SNOMED CT Body Structures | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.method | Base | required | AT PreNUDGE Observation Methods | 📦0.1.0 | This IG
Observation.referenceRange.​type | Base | preferred | Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.referenceRange.​appliesTo | Base | example | Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​code | Base | example | LOINC Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​dataAbsentReason | Base | extensible | DataAbsentReason | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.
Observation.component.​interpretation | Base | extensible | Observation Interpretation Codes | 📍4.0.1 | FHIR Std.

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Description | Expression
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources | `contained.contained.empty()`
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource | `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated | `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label | `contained.meta.security.empty()`
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management | `text.`div`.exists()`
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children | `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both | `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text | `low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()`
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present | `dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()`
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present | `value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()`
sleep-duration-range | error | Observation | Sleep duration must be between 0 and 24 hours. | `value.ofType(Quantity).value >= 0 and value.ofType(Quantity).value <= 24`

This structure is derived from AtPrenudgeObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 0 element(1 nested mandatory element)
Must-Support: 1 element

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron