Categorical variable for the frequency of alcohol consumption in the last year (IPS compatible).

Work-related Sense of Coherence (Work-SoC) questionnaire. The raw item responses are collected in the QuestionnaireResponse. Category scores are defined as SDC calculated expressions and may be mapped to a Work-SoC score Observation.

Short Work Ability Index (WAI) questionnaire module based on Tuomi et al. 1998. The raw answers are collected as QuestionnaireResponse.

A simple questionnaire for asking how high the blood glucose level is right now. The blood glucose option only allows values inbetween 0 and 999 mg/dL.

A simple questionnaire for self-reporting average sleep duration per night in hours. Only allows values between 0 and 24 hours.

EHIS-PAQ Q8 / ATHIS PE8: number of days per week on which the respondent performs physical activities specifically aimed at building or strengthening muscles (e.g. weight training, resistance-band exercises, bodyweight exercises, squats, push-ups, sit-ups). Answer options use existing ATHIS CodeSystem codes activity-1-day through activity-7-days. Two mapping paths to AtPrenudgeObservationMuscleStrengthening are available: (1) directly from this questionnaire via MuscleStrengtheningEhisPaqQuestionnaireResponseToObservation (translates coded day-count to numeric sessions/wk: 1 day = 1 session/wk, …, 7 days = 7 sessions/wk); (2) via MuscleStrengtheningQuantityQuestionnaire and MuscleStrengtheningQuestionnaireResponseToObservation when a numeric quantity answer is preferred.

EHIS-PAQ Q9 / ATHIS PE9: total time spent sitting or resting on a typical day (excluding sleep), captured as two integer sub-items (hours 0–23, minutes 0–60). Mapped to AtPrenudgeObservationSittingHours via SittingHoursQuestionnaireResponseToObservation (hours + minutes/60 → valueQuantity in h).

Questions Q4–Q7 from the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ), equivalent to ATHIS PE4–PE7: cycling for transport (Q4/PE4: days per week, Q5/PE5: duration per day), leisure sport and physical activity in leisure time (Q6/PE6: days per week, Q7/PE7: total duration per week). Q7 is mapped to Observation via PhysicalActivityMinutesQtoO; Q4–Q6 are captured only.

Questions Q2–Q3 from the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ), equivalent to ATHIS PE2–PE3: number of days per week on which the respondent walks for transport (Q2/PE2, integer 0–7) and the typical duration of that walking per day (Q3/PE3, coded using ATHIS group 9 answer set).

A simple questionnaire asking for the person's highest completed education level using ISCED 2011 levels.

Questionnaire for self-reporting body height and body weight. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is defined as an SDC calculated expression based on height in cm and weight in kg. The QuestionnaireResponse may be mapped to separate body height, body weight and BMI Observations.

A numeric questionnaire for directly entering the number of muscle-strengthening exercise sessions per week. Designed for direct FML mapping to the AT PreNUDGE Observation Muscle Strengthening Sessions profile via MuscleStrengtheningQuestionnaireResponseToObservation. Use EhisPaqMuscleStrengtheningQuestionnaire for the categorical EHIS-PAQ Q8 / ATHIS PE8 representation.

ATHIS 2025-based questionnaire module for smoking status, cigarette consumption, duration of daily smoking, tobacco heaters, electronic cigarettes or similar electronic products, and nicotine pouches. A derived IPS-compatible Observation can be created from SK1 and the past tobacco smoking question.

Standalone questionnaire for self-assessing sleep quality based on WHOQOL-BREF question Q16 ('Wie zufrieden sind Sie mit Ihrem Schlaf?').

A simple questionnaire for asking how many steps the patient has taken today. Only allows values inbetween 0 and 150,000.

The WHOQOL-BREF is a 26-item instrument for assessing subjective quality of life in four domains: physical, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Developed by the WHO.

This FHIR profile is defining the overall Observation for PreNUDGE. It is abstract, so no instances of this profile directly are allowed. Be aware that if the user enters values from a device into a questionnaire, it is still considered a manual input. Please keep in mind that all observations must comply with the qualification matrix on https://prenudge.at/qualificationmatrix/.

This FHIR profile is defining the overall Questionnaire for PreNUDGE. Every top level item requires one comment subitem, with the linkId ending or equal 'comment'. Be aware that if the user enters values from a device into a questionnaire, it is still considered a manual input. Please keep in mind that all questionnaires must comply with the qualification matrix on https://prenudge.at/qualificationmatrix/.

This FHIR profile is derived from the APS Observation Alcohol Use profile. Additional fields from the PreNUDGE Observation profile are added.

This FHIR profile is defining the Blood Glucose Observation, similar to the Observation Social History - Alcohol Use from the IPS. The blood glucose option only allows values inbetween 0 and 999 mg/dL.

This FHIR profile defines a body height Observation based on the FHIR R4 Vital Signs body height concept. Body height is represented using LOINC 8302-2 and UCUM cm.

This FHIR profile defines a Body Mass Index (BMI) Observation based on the FHIR R4 Vital Signs BMI concept. BMI is represented using LOINC 39156-5 and UCUM kg/m2.

This FHIR profile defines a body weight Observation based on the FHIR R4 Vital Signs body weight concept. Body weight is represented using LOINC 29463-7 and UCUM kg.

This FHIR profile defines the person's highest completed education level using ISCED 2011. It is intended for sociodemographic data collected by a simple questionnaire.

This FHIR profile defines the Muscle Strengthening Sessions Observation recording the number of muscle-strengthening exercise sessions (e.g. weight training, resistance exercises with weights, resistance bands, or bodyweight) per week. Applicable for both automated wearable measurements (method = Automated) and self-reported values derived from MuscleStrengtheningQuantityQuestionnaire (method = Manual). The value must be 0 or greater.

This FHIR profile can be used for all the other Observations for PreNUDGE, beeing quantities and not fitting the existing narrow standardized observations. If some code for specifying a new Observation is missing, please contact prenudge@joanneum.at.

This FHIR profile can be used for all the other Observations for PreNUDGE, not being an quantity and not fitting the existing narrow standardized observations.

Observation profile for recording physical activity duration as a panel (moderate, vigorous, aggregate components) derived from either a wearable device or the EHIS-PAQ/ATHIS questionnaire (Q7/PE7). Supports four valid component combinations: (a) aggregate only — questionnaire source (Q7/PE7 → aggregateActivity) (b) moderate only — manual source; vigorous implicitly 0, aggregate = moderateActivity (pa-agg-01 warning if aggregateActivity absent) (c) moderate + aggregate — partial wearable or manual source (d) vigorous + aggregate — partial wearable source (e) all three — full wearable source.

This FHIR profile defines the Sitting Hours Observation recording the average number of sitting or resting hours per day (excluding sleep). Applicable for both automated wearable measurements (method = Automated) and self-reported values derived from EhisPaqSittingHoursQuestionnaire via SittingHoursQuestionnaireResponseToObservation (method = Manual). Sleep hours must be subtracted by the originating app before recording the value.

This FHIR profile defines the Sleep Duration Observation recording average nightly sleep in hours. Applicable for both automated wearable measurements (method = automated) and self-reported values derived from a questionnaire (method = manual).

Records the self-assessed sleep quality from PROMIS (My sleep quality was…in past 7 days). Also used to map WHOQOL-BREF Q16 from standalone SleepQualityQuestionnaire or the full WhoQolBrefQuestionnaire.

This FHIR profile is defining the current smoking status observation for PreNUDGE. It is derived from the APS Observation Tobacco Use profile, which imposes the IPS Observation Social History - Tobacco Use profile. The value is derived from the ATHIS-based SmokingStatusQuestionnaire, primarily from SK1 and, if SK1 is negative, from the past tobacco smoking question. Additional fields from the PreNUDGE Observation profile are added.

This FHIR profile is defining the Step Count Observation. The step count only allows values inbetween 0 and 150,000 steps per 24 hours.

Observation profile for recording WHOQOL-BREF domain scores. The overall score is represented in Observation.value, individual domain scores are recorded as components.

This FHIR profile defines the calculated work-related sense of coherence (Work-SoC) category score observation. It contains the category scores for comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness as Observation components. The raw Work-SoC item answers are represented in the source QuestionnaireResponse.

This FHIR profile is defining the overall Questionnaire Response for PreNUDGE. Be aware that if the user enters values from a device into a questionnaire, it is still considered a manual input. Please keep in mind that all questionnaire responses must comply with the qualification matrix on https://prenudge.at/qualificationmatrix/.

Frequencies used in the PreNUDGE alcoholuse questionnaire.

Meal context used in the PreNUDGE Blood Glucose questionnaire and observation.

Permitted answer values for the highest completed education level according to ISCED 2011.

ValueSet containing SNOMED CT codes for differentiating methods used in the PreNUDGE observation.

Allowed observation codes for the 'Other' observation profile.

Allowed UCUM units for the 'Other' observation profile.

ValueSet containing all codes from the AT PreNUDGE Physical Activity Classification Method CodeSystem. Used as the required binding for component[classificationMethod].value[x] in the AT PreNUDGE Observation Physical Activity Minutes profile.

Permitted categorical answers for current work ability in relation to physical work demands.

ValueSet containing SNOMED CT codes for differentiating WHOQOL-BREF overall and domain scores.

Consolidated CodeSystem for all options from the EHIS-PAQ questionnaires (European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire) used in PreNUDGE. Contains two answer scales: days per week (Q4, Q6 in EhisPaqPhysicalActivityQuestionnaire; also Q2 in StepCountEhisPaqQuestionnaire) and activity duration per day (Q3 in StepCountEhisPaqQuestionnaire, Q5 in EhisPaqPhysicalActivityQuestionnaire). Codes are in English; display values remain in German.

Local representation of ISCED 2011 education levels for the highest completed education level used in PreNUDGE. Austrian levels are described at https://bildungssystem.oead.at/isced-klassifikation

Codes for the algorithm or technique used to classify the intensity of a physical activity measurement into moderate / vigorous categories.

Local answer codes for categorical Work Ability Index answer options.

Consolidated CodeSystem for all answer scales of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.

Local PreNUDGE codes for workability questionnaires and derived Work-SoC score observations. Work-SoC source DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v39i1.1111

Vollständige Antwortmöglichkeiten aus dem ATHIS Fragebogen (Österreichische Gesundheitsbefragung, STATISTIK AUSTRIA, Version 31.03.2025). Codes sind englisch; Display-Werte bleiben deutsch. Gruppiert nach Skalentypen. Hinweis: Bestehende PreNUDGE CodeSystems bleiben gültig – whoqol-bref-scale (LQ16-Zufriedenheitsskala), prenudge-nutrition-consumption-frequency (DH1/DH3 numerische Codes), prenudge-alcoholuse-frequency (AL1 SNOMED-basiert).

ATHIS-based Smoking Status Q to O

Alcohol Use Q mapping frequency to O drinks per day

BMI Q to Body Height, Body Weight and BMI Observations Bundle

Blood Glucose Q to O

Highest Completed Education Q to O

Muscle Strengthening EHIS-PAQ Q8 / ATHIS PE8 to O

Muscle Strengthening Sessions Q to O

Physical Activity EHIS-PAQ Q7 / ATHIS PE7 to O (aggregate-only variant)

Shared base for Q to O

Sitting Hours EHIS-PAQ Q9 / ATHIS PE9 to O

Sleep Duration Q to O

Sleep Quality Base (WHOQOL-BREF scale to LOINC)

Step Count Q to O

WHOQOL-BREF Q score to O score

Work-SoC Q score to O score

Maps observation codes to their expected UCUM units for the 'Other Quantities' observation profile.

Example of an alcohol use observation for a moderate drinker consuming alcohol 3-4 times per week (0.5 drinks per day).

Example of an alcohol use observation for a daily drinker (1 drink per day).

Example of an alcohol use observation for a lifetime non-drinker (0 drinks per day).

Example of an alcohol use observation for a daily drinker.

Example of an alcohol use observation for a lifetime non-drinker.

An example of a patient with a license to krill.

Example of a BMI questionnaire response with body height, body weight and a calculated BMI value.

Example of a low fasting blood glucose measurement (62 mg/dL), indicating hypoglycemia.

Example of an elevated fasting blood glucose measurement (142 mg/dL), indicating diabetes mellitus.

Example of a normal fasting blood glucose measurement (95 mg/dL).

Example of an elevated fasting blood glucose measurement (142 mg/dL), indicating diabetes mellitus.

Example of a normal fasting blood glucose measurement (95 mg/dL).

Example body height Observation derived from a BMI questionnaire response.

Example BMI Observation derived from a BMI questionnaire response.

Example body weight Observation derived from a BMI questionnaire response.

Example EHIS-PAQ Q7 / ATHIS PE7 physical activity questionnaire response: Q4 = 3 Tage pro Woche (Fahrrad, Transport), Q5 = 30 bis 59 Minuten pro Tag (Fahrrad), Q6 = 5 Tage pro Woche (Freizeit-Sport), Q7 = 2 Stunden 30 Minuten (= 150 min/Woche). Q7 maps to physical-activity-questionnaire-example via the StructureMap.

Example QuestionnaireResponse for EhisPaqMuscleStrengtheningQuestionnaire: respondent selects 3 days per week of muscle-strengthening exercise.

Example QuestionnaireResponse for EhisPaqSittingHoursQuestionnaire: respondent reports 6 hours and 0 minutes of sitting or resting per day (sleep excluded). Corresponds to sitting-hours-questionnaire-derived-example (6.0 h) via SittingHoursQuestionnaireResponseToObservation.

Example of a highest completed education observation mapped from the EducationQuestionnaire.

Example of a highest completed education observation mapped from the EducationQuestionnaire.

Example of a highest completed education questionnaire response using ISCED 2011 level 6.

Example of a highest completed education questionnaire response using ISCED 2011 level 3.

Example of an automatically detected muscle strengthening sessions count (5 sessions per week) measured by a wearable fitness tracker.

Example of a self-reported muscle strengthening sessions count (3 sessions per week) derived from EhisPaqMuscleStrengtheningQuestionnaire via MuscleStrengtheningEhisPaqQuestionnaireResponseToObservation. ATHIS code activity-3-days is translated to the numeric value 3.

Example of a self-reported muscle strengthening sessions count (3 sessions per week) derived from MuscleStrengtheningQuantityQuestionnaire.

Example QuestionnaireResponse for MuscleStrengtheningQuantityQuestionnaire: respondent reports 3 muscle-strengthening exercise sessions per week.

Scenario (a): only component[aggregateActivity] is present. Typical for a questionnaire-derived observation that asks only for total activity time without splitting moderate and vigorous. pa-agg-01 passes silently because neither moderate nor vigorous is present.

Scenario (b): only component[moderateActivity] is present; aggregate absent. pa-agg-01 fires a WARNING because moderateActivity is present but aggregateActivity is not. The aggregate should equal moderateActivity + (0 × 2) = 150 min/wk; a sender should add component[aggregateActivity] = 150 min/wk to suppress the warning. This scenario may arise when a source captures moderate activity but omits the aggregate.

Scenario (c): component[moderateActivity] and component[aggregateActivity] present; vigorousActivity absent (implicitly 0). aggregateActivity = moderateActivity + (0 × 2) = 90 min/wk. pa-agg-01 is satisfied. Typical for a structured questionnaire that reports moderate-intensity activity separately and includes the computed aggregate.

Scenario (d): component[vigorousActivity] and component[aggregateActivity] present; moderateActivity absent (implicitly 0). aggregateActivity = 0 + (vigorousActivity × 2) = 150 min/wk. classificationMethod = hrz (Heart Rate Zones, moderate 50–70% HRmax; vigorous >70% HRmax). Typical for a wearable that identifies only vigorous bouts via heart rate but does not separately count moderate bouts.

Scenario (e): all three Quantity components present. moderateActivity = 120 min/wk, vigorousActivity = 60 min/wk, aggregateActivity = 120 + (60 × 2) = 240 min/wk. classificationMethod = met-cal (MET estimated from accelerometer / VO2 proxy). This is the richest Observation variant, produced by a full wearable pipeline that computes both intensity levels and the WHO/IPAQ weighted aggregate.

Scenario (f): Observation produced by applying PhysicalActivityMinutesQtoO to physical-activity-ehispaq-response-example. Q7/PE7 answer: 2 Stunden + 30 Minuten → aggregateActivity = (2×60)+30 = 150 min/wk. No intensity weighting is applied because Q7 does not separate moderate from vigorous activity. derivedFrom links back to the source QuestionnaireResponse. classificationMethod is absent; pa-manual-comp-01 is satisfied by absence.

Example of a wearable fitness tracker referenced from the physical activity wearable observation example.

Example of a self-reported sitting/resting duration (6.0 h per day, sleep excluded) derived from EhisPaqSittingHoursQuestionnaire via SittingHoursQuestionnaireResponseToObservation.

Example of an automatically measured sitting/resting duration (6.0 h per day, sleep excluded) derived from a wearable device.

Example of a normal average sleep duration (7.5 h) measured by a wearable device.

Example of a short average sleep duration (5.5 h) measured by a wearable device, indicating insufficient sleep.

Example of a self-reported average sleep duration (7 h) derived from a questionnaire response.

Example of a self-reported normal average sleep duration (7 h per night).

Example of a self-reported short average sleep duration (5.5 h per night).

Example of a sleep quality observation indicating poor sleep satisfaction (LA8969-3 - Poor), derived from the standalone SleepQualityQuestionnaire (S2 - Unzufrieden mapped to LOINC).

Example of a sleep quality observation indicating good sleep satisfaction (LA8967-7 - Good), derived from the standalone SleepQualityQuestionnaire (S4 - Zufrieden mapped to LOINC).

Example of a standalone sleep quality questionnaire response indicating dissatisfaction with sleep (S2 - Unzufrieden).

Example of a standalone sleep quality questionnaire response indicating satisfaction with sleep (S4 - Zufrieden).

Example of a smoking status observation where no clinically meaningful smoking status could be derived because the respondent declined to answer.

Example of a smoking status observation for a current daily tobacco smoker, mapped from SK1 of the ATHIS-based SmokingStatusQuestionnaire.

Example of a smoking status observation for a former tobacco smoker, mapped from SK1 and the past tobacco smoking question of the ATHIS-based SmokingStatusQuestionnaire.

Example of a smoking status observation for a person who never smoked tobacco, mapped from SK1 and the past tobacco smoking question of the ATHIS-based SmokingStatusQuestionnaire.

Example of an ATHIS-based smoking status questionnaire response for a current daily tobacco smoker. The derived observation maps SK1 daily to SNOMED CT 449868002.

Example of an ATHIS-based smoking status questionnaire response for a former tobacco smoker. The derived observation maps SK1 no and past tobacco smoking to SNOMED CT 8517006.

Example of an ATHIS-based smoking status questionnaire response for a person who never smoked tobacco. The derived observation maps SK1 no and past tobacco smoking no to SNOMED CT 266919005.

Example of an ATHIS-based smoking status questionnaire response where the respondent declined to answer the current tobacco smoking question. The derived observation uses dataAbsentReason asked-declined.

Example of a high step count (7 times a week with 2-3 hours).

Example of a normal step count (5 times a week with 30-59 minutes).

Example of a low step count (1,204 steps per day), typical for a mostly sedentary day.

Example of a high step count (133,519 steps per day).

Example of a normal step count (8,432 steps per day).

Example of a high step count (133,519 steps per day).

Example of a normal step count (8,432 steps per day).

Example of a short Work Ability Index questionnaire response.

Example of a WHOQOL-BREF score observation with a general score and all four domain scores.

Example of a completed WHOQOL-BREF QuestionnaireResponse including all 26 items and calculated scores.

Example of a Work-SoC questionnaire response with nine raw item answers.

Example of a calculated Work-SoC category score observation derived from the WorkSocQuestionnaire.